- Interlaminar graft with sublaminar wiring: These grafts are also known as the Gallie-Sonntag or Brooks-Jenkins techniques (4,11,52).These fusions can span multiple levels.
- External orthosis: An external orthosis is needed with this type of fusion to minimize movement during the fusion formation (12).
- 18 months to 3 years: This type of fusion is useful for children from 18 months to 3 years in age.
- Wire pull-through: When the lamina is only 1–2 mm thick, the wire may pull through the lamina or occiput, resulting in fusion failure.
Gallie-Sonntag fusion: \ Artist’s rendering of a Sonntag’s modified Gallie fusion of C1-C2 (52).
Intraoperative illustration of modified Gallie fusion in a child: The calvarial bone graft is secured between the laminae of C1 and C2 with sublaminar cables.
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