Understanding of Disease
- Occult spinal dysraphism: Occult spinal dysraphism was grouped with other causes by von Recklinghausen in the late 1800s. (4).
- Tight filum: Neurological deterioration due to tight filum was noted by Garceau in the 1950s (2).
- “Tethered cord syndrome”: This term was coined by Hoffman in the 1970s (3).
Technological Development
- Surgical microscope: The advent of the surgical microscope aided in better visualization of the neural elements.
- Microsurgical techniques: The subsequent development of microsurgical techniques enabled smaller incisions.
- MRI: The advent of MRI improved preoperative delineation of the anatomical findings for surgical planning. MRI was first used in the 1980s (1).
Surgical Technique
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