Medical
- CHF: Address CHF if present.
- Anticoagulation treatment: When a hypercoagulable state is present, consider long-term anticoagulation. Take precautions in patients with hemorrhagic presentation, which might require anticoagulation; treatment of the cause of bleeding is advisable before starting anticoagulation. In the case of open surgery, anticoagulation might have to be delayed until after the procedure.
Other
Radiation
- Stereotactic radiosurgery: Stereotactic radiosurgery can be used to treat DAVFs. It is important to remember the potential complications of radiation in children, such as possible cognitive impairment and/or later tumor formation.
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