Glossary

A sophisticated imaging technique using magnetic fields instead of x-rays to create the image.

Middle cerebral artery

Mitogen-activated protein kinase. Also called MAPK or MAP Kinase. A protein involved in directing a cell’s response to a host of stimuli such as mitogens, osmotic stress, heat shock and cytokines involved in inflammation. They regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, apoptosis and gene expression. Dysregulation of this kinase contributes to cancer among other diseases in humans.

Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes.  A genetic disorder of mitochondria occurring in children and adults and associated with neurologic deficits.

Maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase.  A oncogenic protein involved in apoptoic process and cell proliferation. It plays a role in cancer (in particular breast and brain) development and progression.

Muscle Evoked Potential. Refers to a recorded nerve or muscle potential that is evoked by stimulation of the central nervous system, typically transcranial cortical stimulation. The D-Wave refers to the recorded upper motor neuron potential and the muscle MEP refers to the potential recorded from a muscle.

Muscle Evoked Potential. Refers to a recorded nerve or muscle potential that is evoked by stimulation of the central nervous system, typically transcranial cortical stimulation. The D-Wave refers to the recorded upper motor neuron potential and the muscle MEP refers to the potential recorded from a muscle.

Maternal-Fetal Medicine: a subspecialty of obstetrical medicine that specializes in the care of women with complicated or high-risk pregnancies.

O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase-an enzyme that repairs DNA damage due to methylation. The gene responsible for the synthesis of this enzyme is variably expressed and tumors with epigenetic silencing of this gene have been found to be particularly sensitive to the drug temozolomide.

as in MIB-1 antibody – a monoclonal antibody used to determine the Ki-67 labeling index, an indicator of the degree of cell proliferation shown on a histological section (microscopic piece of tissue being examined microscopically). It can be used on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections, a process used universally when examining submitted material microscopically.