Glossary

Transcranial doppler. A diagnostic technique using high frequency sound waves to measure the direction and amount of blood flow in a region of the brain.

Tethered (Spinal) Cord Syndrome – A condition where the spinal cord is pulled at the base of the spinal canal. In another words, the spinal cord is literally tethered. The condition occurs in a group of disorders of the spinal cord including tight filum terminale, lipomeningomyelocele, split cord malformations, dermal sinus tracts, dermoids, and cystoceles.

Transforming growth factor beta 1 – A secreted protein (cytokine) that performs many functions including control of growth, differentiation, proliferation, and the death of cells in the human body.

Transforming growth factor-beta 2 – a cytokine that has a vital role during embryonic development

Transient ischemic attack – commonly refers to temporary insufficiency in blood supply to the brain resulting in a reversible neurological deficit. The deficit resolves a short time after resolution of the ischemia.

Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction. Name for a scale used to grade the effectiveness of treatment of clotted cerebral blood vessel in the setting of a stroke.  The scale runs from 0 (no perfusion) to 3 (complete perfusion).

A MRI technique for flow within blood vessels.

The time taken to reach peak concentration after the administration of a contrast agent in a tissue volume being imaged sequentially (such as evaluating how long it takes for maximum enhancement of a tissue seen on MR T2-weighted images after administrating gadolinium).

A MRI technique for flow within blood vessels.

A series of MRAs that show the passage of a bolus of contrast in a blood vessel.