Glossary

Transforming Growth Factor-Beta.  A family of proteins instrumental in the processes of bone and cartilage formation, skeletal development and homeostasis.  Abnormalities in these proteins have been associated with progression of various disease states.

Transforming growth factor beta 1 – A secreted protein (cytokine) that performs many functions including control of growth, differentiation, proliferation, and the death of cells in the human body.

Transforming growth factor-beta 2 – a cytokine that has a vital role during embryonic development

Transient ischemic attack – commonly refers to temporary insufficiency in blood supply to the brain resulting in a reversible neurological deficit. The deficit resolves a short time after resolution of the ischemia.

Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction. Name for a scale used to grade the effectiveness of treatment of clotted cerebral blood vessel in the setting of a stroke.  The scale runs from 0 (no perfusion) to 3 (complete perfusion).

A MRI technique for flow within blood vessels.

The time taken to reach peak concentration after the administration of a contrast agent in a tissue volume being imaged sequentially (such as evaluating how long it takes for maximum enhancement of a tissue seen on MR T2-weighted images after administrating gadolinium).

A MRI technique for flow within blood vessels.

A series of MRAs that show the passage of a bolus of contrast in a blood vessel.

Thrombolysis in Pediatric Stroke Trial.  An investigation of the acute use of pTA in children who have been diagnosed as having had an ischemic stroke.